From Babylon to Timbuktu

1. Ancient Black Civilizations Pioneered Human Development

European civilization developed from ancient black civilization.

Mesopotamia's Black Roots. More than six thousand years ago, the most remarkable civilization known to mankind flourished in Mesopotamia, between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. This fertile region, often identified as the Garden of Eden, was inhabited by jet-black people, specifically Cushite tribes. These early inhabitants, including the Sumerians and Babylonians, laid the groundwork for many foundational aspects of human society.

Foundational Contributions. These black civilizations were highly advanced, developing sophisticated systems that influenced subsequent cultures. Their achievements included:

• Astronomy: Formulated principles, divided years into months, weeks, hours, minutes, and seconds.
• Mathematics: Developed the decimal system.
• Law: Hammurabi's code, based on retaliation, and the establishment of a seven-day week with a Sabbath.
• Literature: Wrote on clay tablets, producing works like the Enuma Elish (Creation Epic).

Global Impact. Without these ancient black civilizations, the trajectory of white domination and influence, as known today, would have been improbable. Their innovations in governance, science, and daily life were transmitted through various cultures, forming the bedrock upon which later societies, including those in Europe, would build their own advancements.

2. The White Race's Origin Traced to a Biblical Mutation

Major mutations or changes took place among the descendants of Japheth.

Post-Flood Lineage. After the Great Flood, humanity repopulated the earth through Noah's three sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth. The author argues that the original classification of humanity should be Shemites, Hamites, and Japhites, rather than modern anthropological terms like Caucasoid, Mongoloid, or Negroid. Initially, the children of Shem and Ham were black, inhabiting vast regions of Africa and Asia.

Japheth's Transformation. The descendants of Japheth migrated northwest, north, and northeast of the Caucasus mountains into Europe. The author posits that these Japhites, originally black, underwent a significant physical mutation, resulting in their skin turning white. This theory is supported by biblical accounts of individuals turning white as snow, often associated with divine intervention or disease like leprosy, which was considered a shameful condition leading to isolation.

Historical Context of Race. Ancient societies, unlike modern ones, did not classify races by skin color but by national or tribal names (e.g., Ethiopians, Babylonians, Jews). The concept of dividing humanity along a color line originated with white supremacists in Europe after the Renaissance, notably Johann F. Blumenbach in the 18th century, who named the "Caucasian" race after the Caucasus Mountains, believing it to be the purest white origin.

3. Afro-Asian Cultures Were the Cradle of European Civilization

Scholars say that it came from Africa and Asia through Crete.

Canaanite-Phoenician Influence. The black Hamites, particularly the Canaanites (also known as Phoenicians), were highly skilled in philosophy, astronomy, geometry, arithmetic, and navigation. Their cities, Tyre and Sidon, were major cultural and commercial centers. They established colonies across the Mediterranean, including Carthage in North Africa, and their advanced alphabet and system of weights and measures were adopted by the Greeks, then Romans, and eventually transmitted to Europe.

Egyptian Contributions. The black Egyptians, descendants of Ham through Mizraim, were masters of mathematics, medicine, and engineering. Pythagoras learned geometry from them, and algebra, derived from the Arabic word aljebr, was brought to Europe by the black Moors. Their annual Nile floods spurred advancements in astronomy and geometry, influencing the modern calendar.

Carthage's Legacy. Carthage, a Phoenician colony in North Africa, became a dominant naval and commercial power in the Mediterranean. Its general, Hannibal, famously crossed the Alps with elephants, his military strategies still studied today. The Carthaginian civilization, with its Hebrew-Phoenician language and culture, was a vital conduit through which Afro-Asian knowledge and innovations flowed into early Europe, particularly through Crete, considered the birthplace of European culture.

4. The Original Israelites and Arabs Were People of Color

All indications point to the fact that Asia was the cradle of the black race.

Abrahamic Lineage. The author asserts that all original Hamites and Shemites (Semites) were black. Abraham, the patriarch of both the Hebrew-Israelite and Arab nations, was a black Shemite. His wife, Sarah, and Ishmael's mother, Hagar, were black Egyptian women, ensuring that the early Arab nation had strong colored features.

Joseph's Egyptian Identity. When Joseph's ten brothers came to Egypt to buy corn during a famine, they did not recognize him, despite his high position as viceroy. This is presented as proof that Joseph, like the Egyptians and his brothers, was black, making him indistinguishable from the native population. If he had been white, his appearance would have immediately aroused their curiosity.

Biblical Evidence of Blackness. Further evidence for the blackness of the Israelites includes:

• Intermarriage: Frequent intermarriage between Israelites and black Canaanite women.
• Moses' Concealment: A black Moses could be effectively hidden among black Egyptians from Pharaoh's decree to kill Hebrew male babies.
• Leprosy Laws: The biblical laws of leprosy, which describe skin turning white, could only apply to a dark-skinned people for such a change to be a visible affliction.
• Daniel's Vision: Daniel's vision of God with "hair of his head like pure wool" suggests that Daniel and his Babylonian environment were familiar with woolly hair, characteristic of black people.

5. Powerful Jewish Kingdoms Flourished Across Ancient Arabia and Ethiopia

The Queen of Sheba was known to the Arabians by the name of Bilkis.

Ethiopian-Arabian Connections. Ancient Arabia, particularly its southern and southwestern regions, had a long history of interaction with Ethiopians, with many Cushite (Ethiopian) tribes inhabiting the peninsula. The Queen of Sheba, known as Bilkis to the Arabs and Makeda to the Ethiopians, visited King Solomon in Jerusalem around 1012 B.C. She ruled the Kingdom of Sheba, which was part of a larger Ethiopian empire encompassing Upper Egypt and parts of Arabia.

Menilek I and the Falashas. According to Ethiopian tradition, the Queen of Sheba bore Solomon a son, Menilek I, who later became King of Ethiopia. He returned to Ethiopia accompanied by Jewish priests and officers, establishing the first organized Jewish colony. The Falashas, or "Bet Israel," the black Jews of Ethiopia, claim descent from these early Jewish settlers, and even Emperor Haile Selassie claimed lineage from Solomon and the Queen of Sheba.

Jewish Power in Yemen. Judaism was politically powerful in Arabia from the first to fifth centuries A.D., particularly in Yemen, where Jewish kings like Dhu Nuwas reigned. This power was built on trade monopolies across the Red Sea. The Aksumite Empire in Ethiopia, which rose to prominence around A.D. 50, was also ruled by Jewish kings, with its religious center believed to house the Ark of the Covenant.

6. Judaism Profoundly Influenced Early Christianity and Islam

The offspring of Judaism are Christianity and Islam.

Christianity's Ethiopian Roots. Around A.D. 329, Christianity was introduced to Ethiopia by Frumentius, who became an instructor to Prince Abraha. Abraha, upon becoming king, embraced Christianity and sought to spread it to the Arabian peninsula. He led a military expedition, conquering Mecca and introducing Christianity to the region, demonstrating the early intertwining of religion and political power.

Islam's Jewish Foundations. Mohammed, born in A.D. 570, was deeply influenced by Judaism during his travels as a camel-driver, where he frequently interacted with Jews and their rabbis. He adopted many Jewish principles and laws for his new religion, Islam, including:

• Monotheism: The core belief in one God.
• Calendar: Main details of the Jewish calendar, including the Day of Atonement.
• Sabbath: Initially observed, though later changed from Saturday to Friday.
• Scripture: Incorporated narratives and wisdom from the Bible and Midrash.

Shift from Alliance to Enmity. Mohammed initially sought to convert the influential Jews to validate his mission. However, their refusal led to a transformation of his high esteem into enmity. He then commanded his followers to pray towards Mecca instead of Jerusalem and altered other Jewish customs, mirroring how early Christianity differentiated itself from Judaism while incorporating many of its tenets.

7. Great Black Jewish Empires Rose in West Africa

The black Jews had an advantage over the African tribes: they carried their culture, history, laws, and written records with them.

Jewish Migrations to West Africa. From the 2nd and 3rd centuries A.D., black Jews from North Africa (fleeing Roman persecution) and Eastern Africa (fleeing Arab persecution) began a continuous migration across the Sahara Desert and the Sudan. These migrations converged in the fertile region between the Senegal and Niger rivers, establishing a vibrant cultural and commercial crossroads.

Ghana: A Black Hebrew State. Around A.D. 300, Za el Yemeni, a black Jew from Yemen, established the Za Dynasty in the Niger country, founding the first Sudanic Dynasty in West Africa. This marked the beginning of the black Jewish Empire of Ghana. The Jews brought superior material, educational, and moral culture, which allowed them to establish hegemony over indigenous tribes.

Ghana's Achievements and Decline. The black Hebrew kings of Ghana, known by the title Kayamaga ("master of gold"), reigned for centuries. They developed sophisticated social organizations, public buildings, canals, and irrigation systems. Their wealth was based on gold and iron, giving them military superiority. However, by A.D. 1009, some kings, like Za Kasi, converted to Islam for commercial and political expediency, as Muslim merchants dominated trade routes.

Mali and Songhay's Legacy. After Ghana's decline, the Mandingos established the Empire of Mali (c. 1240 A.D.), with kings like Mansa Musa, who made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca. Mali was known for its prosperity, justice, and scholastic cities like Timbuktu. The Songhay Empire, founded by Sonni Ali I (a Za prince) in 1464, further expanded this legacy, becoming a vast, organized empire with Timbuktu as its cultural capital, renowned for its judges, doctors, and extensive book trade.

8. The Enduring Dispersion and Resilience of African Black Jews

In most cases these Hebrews by race and Mussulmen by faith seek to hide their origin, which has become a burden to them.

North African Jewish Presence. North Africa, from Egypt to the Atlantic, harbored a significant black Hebrew population, augmented by waves of Jewish refugees fleeing Roman, Byzantine, and Arab persecutions. These Jews intermarried with local Canaanites and native Africans, yet often retained distinct communities and cultural practices. Scholars like Philo and Strabo attested to large Jewish populations across Libya and Egypt.

Hidden Communities and Crypto-Judaism. Facing intense pressure, many Jews in North Africa and later in Spain and Portugal adopted a facade of Christianity or Islam while secretly practicing Judaism. This crypto-Judaism allowed them to survive brutal persecutions, such as the Spanish Inquisition, which extended its reach to Portuguese colonies in West Africa like San Thome and Angola, hunting down "New Christians" (secret Jews).

West African Jewish Settlements. The expulsion of Jews from Spain (1492) and Portugal (1496) led to further migrations to West African coasts and islands. Thousands of black Jews were deported to San Thome, and others, known as "black Portuguese," established communities along the coast from Senegal to Angola. These communities, like the Bavumbu of Gabon and the "Jews of Angola," maintained Jewish customs, often disguised, and were active in commerce.

Cultural Survival and Loss. Despite centuries of persecution, forced conversions, and cultural diffusion, many African tribes retained significant Hebrew cultural traits, such as:

• Sabbath observance
• New Moon festivals
• Mourning rites with sackcloth and ashes
• Animal sacrifices with blood sprinkling
• Tribal divisions into twelve parts
• Circumcision
  However, due to prolonged isolation and suppression, many descendants of these Jews lost knowledge of their origins, becoming "Hebrews by race and Mussulmen by faith," or simply "Strange People" to their neighbors.

9. Biblical Prophecy Foretold the Black Hebrews' Enslavement and Ultimate Deliverance

Judah is gone into captivity because of affliction, and because of great servitude: she dwelleth among the heathen, she findeth no rest: all her persecutors overtook her between the straits.

Prophecy of Captivity. The author draws a direct link between biblical prophecies, particularly from Deuteronomy and Jeremiah, and the historical experience of the black Hebrews. These prophecies foretold that the disobedient Israelites would be scattered among all nations, subjected to affliction, great servitude, and sold into slavery, finding no rest. This is presented as a divine consequence for their transgressions.

The Transatlantic Slave Trade. The historical evidence of black Hebrews being "snatched from the west coast of Africa and sold into captivity" is presented as a fulfillment of these prophecies. The Atlantic slave trade, lasting over 400 years, saw hundreds of thousands of partially Judaized black Africans brought to the Americas, many of whom were descendants of the dispersed Jewish tribes in West Africa.

Promise of Return and Restoration. Despite the severe punishment, the prophecies also promise a future deliverance and restoration for the house of Israel. Jeremiah foretells a time when the Lord will break their yoke of servitude, burst their bonds, and cause them to return to the land given to their fathers, where they will serve the Lord their God and David their king.

The "Valley of Dry Bones." Ezekiel's vision of the "valley of dry bones" is interpreted as a symbolic representation of the black Hebrews in slavery and oppression. The dry bones coming to life signify their spiritual and national revival, with God opening their "graves" (the countries of their oppression) and bringing them back to the land of Israel, instilling His spirit within them. This dual aspect of prophecy—punishment and ultimate redemption—is central to the author's narrative.

Last updated: December 20, 2025